Hot flashes, Hand-Me-Downs, and “Honey, did you see me take my ___________ today?”

Welcome back!

I don’t know about you, but I’m getting older.  Last I checked, I was well into living my 50th year.  Now, nobody has actually ever told me, “Julie, you are not likely to live to be 50,” but having not lived in a cave all of my life, I have received this message loud and clear.  So what am I doing here?

Here, for example, are a few random things I hadn’t planned on:

1) Hot flashes and menopause:  Isn’t it weird that every time I put on my therapy Vest, I have a hot flash?  I don’t think they were designed with this in mind.

2) Wearing hand me down jeans that used to belong to my son:  It’s true.  My 12 year old son is now giving me his outgrown jeans…and they are too big.  I’m trying to grow into them.

3) Forgetting whether or not I have actually done pretty important things:  Did I take that pill?  Did I inhale Advair?  ”Honey, did you see me inhale this?”  This is truly frightening.

4) Wondering with fear and fascination what will happen if I actually outlive my disability payment:  I don’t think the insurance company was expecting this either.

5) Not being able to see whether the needle is actually going to hit the tip of the  Colistin vial:  Are they making that bulls-eye smaller, or is it just me?

6) Getting so used to the ringing in my ears, that is seems like part of the radio background:  Oh, the years and years of tobramycin….

7) Routinely wondering if it is possible to lose one’s colon down the toilet:  Ok, this is a bit graphic.  I don’t know what the magic number of hours logged will be, but at some point, don’t you think gravity is going to win?

8)  Getting too “old” to run (read: low back and knee pains):  I thought the lungs were supposed to go first.

9) Making more cracking and moaning sounds getting out of bed in the am than my 16 yr old border collie as we hobble to the kitchen to make coffee.

10) Wondering if I might outlive yet another dog:  I don’t know which to wish for.

11) Living long enough that those foolish years of laying out in the sun on aluminum foil  lathered in baby oil has resulted in my wrinkles having wrinkles:  Who knew that shins could get wrinkled?

12) Needing a screening colonoscopy:  Of course, if we wait long enough (see 7 above), we can probably just examine it directly:-)

“Port”al

Eckhart Tolle likes to talk about “portals” to the Now.  My favorite of his suggested portals is focusing on the body sense.  It is a very simple exercise:  you simply ask yourself, “Without moving or looking at my left big toe  (or whatever body part you choose), how do I know that it is there?”  Immediately, you are connected to the feeling present in the body, and when this remains in your focus, you are in the present moment.  Try it.  Pick some part of your body, close your eyes and ask yourself, “How do I know that ______ is there?”  Then, let your attention move to feeling the entire body this way, as a whole.  This is using the body as a portal into the Now.  And of course, the beauty of being in the Now is that you can’t be uselessly rehashing the past, or pointlessly rehearsing the future.  Life is always Now anyway, and this exercise places you right smack in the middle of it.

Shifting focus….I was thinking about ports the other day.  Central ports…you know the ones.  The things we hate to think about needing, because it means we need antibiotics frequently enough to justify the risk of an indwelling central line.  A central port provides immediate and easy access for administration of life saving medication as we watch our lung function diminish.  I don’t know about you, but I have always had a visceral reaction to the idea that I may need such a port someday.

So when my partner mentioned the other day that maybe I should consider getting a port, imagine my surprise when my immediate thoughts  (really) were about Tolle, and how “port” and “portal” clearly come from the same root.  So now I’ve looked it up and, sure enough, the Latin root, porta, means “gate.” Tolle’s portals are gates to the Now, and a central port is a gate to, well, your heart and circulatory system.  The next thoughts I had were about the bright side of having a central port. In other words, I didn’t freak out.

There are definite pros to having a port.  No more PICC lines, for one!  My PICC’s always have to go into the right arm (clot in the left–from a PICC, of course), and always have to be put in by Interventional Radiology (I love those guys, but really…it’s another appointment, it’s more radiation, and they SEW the sucker in so it’s hard to pull out yourself:-)).  Not only that, but as you know, you can’t lift weights when you have a PICC (did I mention the clot in my left arm?).  So no PICC, means no three week layoff from one of my favorite ways to stay in shape.

Maybe it’s my age.  Maybe it’s wanting things to be simpler.  Maybe this just means I don’t care as much about what “other people will think.”  But I’ve been thinking about it in a very “accepting” kind of way, and will likely talk with my doctor about this the next time I need IV’s.  (He’ll probably say, “Are you crazy?”)

Which brings me back to Tolle.  Full circle.  Maybe a central port could be viewed as a sort of metaphor for a “portal” to Acceptance-with-a-capital-A.  There’s no denying or fighting the fact that the lungs are needing some serious help when you submit to a port.  It would be a daily visible reminder of my mortality staring back at me in the mirror each day.  It would be hard to ignore evidence like that.  Still, I’m not freaking out for some reason…

I’m liking this metaphor.

Tags:

The Beginning of the End?

It’s been a weird day.  I had planned to write about meditation and why having a “lung disease” doesn’t mean you can’t meditate.  This was something I used to actually believe, since beginning meditators are often instructed to “follow the breath.”  I tried this…I really did!  It only made me completely anxious and sure that I was suffocating!

I was going to wax prolific on how it is actually easy to use other objects to “anchor” the mind, and how wonderful it is to start each day with a relaxing (usually) and centering meditation practice, without even thinking about the breath.

Then, as I always (sadly) do before I started to write, I checked my email.  There I saw the following press release , and I literally lost my breath.

Vertex Announces Results from Phase 2a Trial of VX-809 Targeting the Defective Protein
Responsible for Cystic Fibrosis
-VX-809 was well-tolerated at all dose levels when dosed once daily for 28 days-
-Statistically significant changes observed in measurement of sweat chloride suggest increased CFTR
activity-
-Data support planned combination trial of VX-809 and VX-770 in second half of 2010 for CF patients with
the F508del mutation-
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Feb 03, 2010 (BUSINESS WIRE) — Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (Nasdaq: VRTX) today
announced results from a preliminary analysis of data from a 28-day Phase 2a clinical trial of VX-809 in patients with cystic
fibrosis (CF) who are homozygous for the F508del mutation. VX-809, an oral investigational Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane
Conductance Regulator protein (CFTR) corrector, was well-tolerated across all four dose groups studied. In the trial, VX-809
showed a statistically significant decline in sweat chloride at both the 100 mg and 200 mg once-daily doses, suggesting that the
activity of the CFTR protein was increased in patients during dosing. Additionally, VX-809 demonstrated a dose response in
change in sweat chloride across the four dose groups. On the basis of these results, Vertex plans to initiate a combination trial
of VX-809 and VX-770, an investigational CFTR potentiator, in the second half of 2010. VX-809 and VX-770 were developed
with support from Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics, Inc., the nonprofit affiliate of the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation.
“This Phase 2a trial evaluated the potential effect of an oral compound to improve trafficking of the defective CFTR protein,
and its results represent an encouraging step forward in the development of new therapies to treat the underlying cause of CF
in patients with the most common CFTR mutation, known as F508del,” said J.P. Clancy, M.D., Director of the Pediatric
Pulmonary Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Principal Investigator for the VX-809 Phase 2a trial. “In the
trial, VX-809 was well-tolerated across the dose groups, and statistically significant changes in sweat chloride, an important
biomarker of CFTR activity, were observed at certain dose levels. There is high interest in the CF community in new
approaches to CF therapy, and we look forward to the future exploration of VX-809 and VX-770 as part of a novel combination
regimen aimed at treating the majority of CF patients.”

IT WORKS!

Ok, first if you need a review of what this all means, read an earlier post here.  The big news here is that Vertex 809 somehow “corrects” the trafficking problem of the dF508 defective protein…at least enough to cause a change in sweat chloride concentration.  This is huge! We know that another Vertex drug, Vx 770, potentiates  (enhances) the effectiveness of the chloride channels present at the apical membrane in the G551D mutation, and is now being tested on people with the dF508 (most common) mutations as we speak (read, write, whatever we are doing).  So, if Vx 809 gets the protein up there, and Vx 770 opens it….

Is this the beginning of the end of CF as we know it?

Thoreau on Illness

So I’m walking my dogs tonight, as I often do, while listening to a podcast.

This one was by Joseph Goldstein, who is a Buddhist mindfulness meditation teacher. I do this a lot these days.

Mr. Goldstein must have been reading my mind…that’s all I can say.  I was inwardly lamenting the fact that this walk was the first I had moved my butt in four days, as I had come down with some weird virus which seemed to have settled smack in the middle of my left lung.  Not only did it hurt to breathe still, but my scheduled Day 1 this week of a research study where I would take an exciting new drug was definitely looking unlikely.  Poor me… And the Packers lost, to boot.

Then, I heard a story about Henry David Thoreau.  Why was a Buddhist teacher talking about Thoreau?  Well, that is a long story, but in short, the podcast was about contemplating things that would “turn the mind toward the Dharma.”  Basically, it was a very good talk on impermanence.  But I digress…back to Thoreau.

It turns out that Thoreau died at 44, of tuberculosis.  I’m thinking he probably had a bit of chest pain, among other things.  In the podcast, Goldstein quoted Thoreau as saying something so cool that I came home and googled it immediately.  Sure enough, it looks like the statement ascribed to Thoreau was written  by his sister in a letter to a good friend,  telling of Henry’s life, illness, and death.  Thoreau was apparently a very vivacious man, as alive in illness as he was in health.  As his sister writes, “he remarked to me that there was as much comfort in perfect disease as in perfect health, the mind always conforming to the condition of the body.”

Perfect disease…what a concept.

Later in the letter, Thoreau’s sister, in talking of her brother’s attitude about his illness, she says that in response to a friend who said as a way of consolation, “Well, Mr. Thoreau, we all must go!” Henry replied, “When I was a very little boy I learned that I must die, and I set that down, so of course, I am not disappointed now.  Death is as near to you as it is to me.”

Now you know how this made it into a talk on impermanence.

But still I come back to idea of there being comfort in perfect disease… the secret being in the mind conforming to the condition of the body.  I think that means acceptance of what is.  Pretty simple…if not necessarily easy.  So now I’m going to try to quit feeling so sorry for myself:-)

A GIANT LEAP FORWARD?

Up until very recently, therapy for CF has been directed at correcting the consequences of the defective CFTR protein (thinning mucus, improving clearance, treating infection, calming inflammation, improving nutrition, etc).  Yes, when the gene was discovered in 1989, there was a flurry of research in the area of gene therapy…finding a safe mechanism to insert a copy of the “normal” CFTR gene into the targeted cells, and getting it to work.  This proved to be quite an undertaking, and while there is still much being done in this field, the exciting research making news today is from companies like Vertex Pharmaceuticals. With the Vertex drugs and others like them, this is the first time that a therapy—a small-molecule, not gene therapy—is actually directed at trying to correct the defective protein.

In a recent article in Xconomy, Dr. Bonnie Ramsey (who should really be in the CF-caregiver Hall of Fame) responded in part to a question about the Vertex drug VX-770, “Whether it turns out that Vertex is 100 percent successful or not, this is such a giant step forward, it’s like a man walking on the moon.”  Walking on the moon…. I remember that day.  It was huge.  It is my mission with this article to try to explain as best as I can what she is talking about.

To understand why VX-770 and its partner in crime VX-809 make such as giant leap forward for mankind, we first must have two small refresher courses.

CF Mutations 101

There are more than 1,600 known mutations of the gene that causes CF.   We now know that each of these mutations fits into one of five “classes.”  Each member in a class of mutations causes a disturbance in the sequence from gene (DNA) to CFTR (protein) to functioning CFTR protein at the membrane of the cell (electrolyte transport into and out of cell) in characteristic ways.

In a Class 1 mutation, there is no synthesis of CFTR protein at all.  Zilch.  This can be the result of a “nonsense” mutation, where a STOP message is read on the mRNA (transcribed from the gene) somewhere along the line, and synthesis of the protein is aborted.  Or, a Class 1 type of mutation can lead to a misread of the gene because of a “frameshift”.  Think of a frameshift as what happens when you forget to answer ONE question on a multiple choice exam where you have to fill in the answers by coloring in ovals on a separate sheet…all the answers after the one you forgot are wrong…chaos ensues).  No CFTR protein…pretty severe CF.

A Class II mutation is one where the gene codes for a protein that is constructed by the cell machinery, but because of the error from an amino acid deletion in the gene, the processing of the resultant protein is messed up. As a result, the protein is defective in folding, stability, and channel gating (the opening for chloride ions is not regulated properly).  Because it is unstable, not much of it makes it up to where it is needed at the cell membrane.  Our friend, delta F508 is a Class II mutation.

Class III mutations allow for the gene to code for a CFTR protein which makes it up to the membrane, but as a result of this “milder” mutation, the CFTR channel is not regulated or activated properly.  G551D is an example.

Class IV mutations are similar to Class III in that a protein is made and gets up to the surface of the cell, but it has “altered conductance.”  The ion channel just doesn’t work as well as it should.  R117H is an example.

Finally, Class V mutations are those where there is simply reduced synthesis of the CFTR protein.

Clinical Trials 101

You often read or hear about newly developed drugs being tested on humans in “clinical trials.”  These trials occur in a series of steps, or phases, that are designed to answer different questions.

Phase I trials are when researchers test a new drug in a small group of people for the first time.  These studies evaluate overall safety of the drug, look to find effective dose ranges, and document any side effects.

Phase II trials are designed to evaluate effectiveness of the drug and are generally performed with a much larger group of people.  Safety continues to be monitored closely.

Phase III trials are done with very large groups of people to confirm effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug to be approved for use.

Now, back to regular programming:

When gene therapy was not proving to be wildly successful, some companies started to ask if the defective protein could be fixed.  Fortunately, a technique known as “high-throughput screening” was being developed just as the need to find ways to tweak the CFTR protein was becoming glaringly apparent.  Very simply, high-throughput screening uses automation (robotics and high-speed data processing and control software) to rapidly test hundreds of candidate “small molecules” to find the ones that show a specific biologic activity.  In the case of CF, they were looking for molecules that could assist with translation of the RNA “message” to form a CFTR protein normally, or molecules that could assist CFTR in getting up to the membrane, or molecules that could open the dang thing up and let the chloride ions flow as they should.

One company, PTC Therapeutics, found a compound called PTC124, which could to “read through” the STOP sign on the Class I nonsense CF mutations.  PTC124 (now called Ataluren) only works for Class 1 (nonsense) mutations, of course, but clinical studies so far are looking very promising.  Phase I and II studies have confirmed that Ataluren is safe, orally tolerated, and showed encouraging efficacy.  A much larger and long-term phase III trial is scheduled for this summer.

In the case of CFTR protein modulation, Vertex Pharmaceuticals looks for small molecule correctors and potentiators.  Simply put, a corrector gets the CFTR protein to the membrane in larger numbers.  This would be helpful in the Class II CF mutations such as delta F508.  A potentiator works on the protein already at the membrane, increasing its effectiveness.  This kind of drug could potentially be beneficial in several of the mutation classes.

VX-770, an investigational CFTR potentiator, is intended to increase chloride ion transport through the defective CFTR protein.  Vertex chose to specifically look at people with the Class III G551D mutation in the early phase trials of VX-770, because in this mutation, the protein is already where it needs to be on the membrane.  It just needs to be tweaked to open properly.  They figured that although only 4% of people with CF carry this mutation, the odds of showing effectiveness would be best in this small group of patients.

And, indeed, they were right!  Not only did Phase II trials show a marked (10%) improvement in lung function after only two weeks of treatment, they also showed that both nasal potential difference (PD) and sweat chloride levels moved distinctly toward normalized values (this is exciting because no treatment ever has shown to change the sweat chloride levels).  Importantly, when people stopped taking the drug, lung function values, sweat chloride values and nasal PD values returned to their baseline values.

Based on these positive results, Vertex is now initiating larger, Phase III trials.  These are designed to look at larger numbers of children and adults with the G551D mutation over a longer period of time.  In addition, a Phase II study of VX-770 in patients with CF aged 12 years and older who are homozygous for delta F508 is planned to start in the third quarter of 2009.   The hope is that VX-770 will measurably increase the effectiveness of the small amount of CFTR protein that actually makes it to the membrane in Delta F508 CF. If so, then all we need is a corrector to get more of the protein to the membrane, and throw in a dash of VX-770 to create a “Vertex-cocktail” of sorts.

Vertex is hoping that VX-809 is just that corrector (and so am I).  This molecule is designed to increase the amount of deltaF508 CFTR protein on the surface of cells lining the airway.  It is one phase behind VX-770.  So far, Phase I studies have not shown any safety or tolerability issues.  A Phase II study of this drug is now underway.  Where can I sign up?

In summary, I think the message is this:  There is serious cause for hope that one day soon, we will take yet another daily pill (or two…) that is going to improve our lives beyond anything that has yet been discovered.  Is it going to “cure” CF?  Not likely.   A scarred pancreas is not suddenly going to produce enzymes or insulin.  Damaged lung tissue is still damaged.  I am not suddenly going to have a normal FEV1.  But if I knew that a daily pill might slow or even halt the downward slide of lung function that has up until now seemed inevitable…I’d be pretty psyched!  I might even volunteer to write an article about it.  I only have one suggestion for Vertex Pharmaceuticals.  Will you please give these things proper names?

Inner Strength

If you can start the day without caffeine or pep pills,

If you can be cheerful, ignoring aches and pains,

If you can resist complaining and boring people with your troubles,

If you can eat the same food everyday and be grateful for it,

If you can understand when loved ones are too busy to give you time,

If you can overlook when people take things out on you when,
through no fault of yours, something goes wrong,

If you can take criticism and blame without resentment,

If you can face the worlds without lies and deceit,

If you can conquer tension without medical help,

If you can relax without liquor, if you can sleep without the aid of drugs,

If you can do of all these things,

Then you are probably the family dog.

Control Trumps Fear When it Comes to Adherence to Exercise in Cystic Fibrosis

I’m getting a lot of ideas for posts as I prepare for this talk in a couple of weeks at the NACFC in Minneapolis.  I am speaking about motivation and exercise, one of my favorite subjects, and am quite happy to be doing it.

Today I reviewed an article published in Thorax 2004; 59: 1074-80, by Moorcraft et al, entitled Individualized Unsupervised Exercise Training in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: a 1 year randomized controlled trial. Here are a few reasons why this is a well designed study and one to believe:  1) it is (in CF terms) a pretty long term study.  Most others are only weeks to a few months in duration. 2) It was randomized, a short-fall of many other exercise in CF studies. 3) After an initial training session, it was unsupervised and the exercises (though structured by a trainer) were done at home–so the positive results are  good news about adherence and sustainability of a program.  The patients were, however, given frequent contact by phone and/or clinic and were actively encouraged and motivated to continue.

The results were indeed positive.  After a year, a significant training effect was shown in the training group and there was a lesser decline in lung function in those trained when compared to controls. But, as important as that is, that is not why I am writing this.  The most important point of the article to me was in the summary, where the authors state:

“Every effort must be made to adapt the exercise to fulfill the wishes of the patients and integrate it with their lifestyle.  This study shows that benefit can be obtained with an individualized home-based programme.  In the long term, motivation must be sustained by the individual and the clinician must strive to engender an exercise habit.  A flexible approach to encouraging exercise and an enthusiastic approach from the staff should not be underestimated.  A feature that favours exercise adherence in CF is that the patients perceive it as an area over which they have control and that, unlike other treatments, fear of their disease does not drive adherence to exercise (my emphasis).  Instead, they have a positive outlook on exercise regarding it as a normal activity which they can enjoy.”

I don’t know about you, but I think that fear sucks.  It doesn’t feel good.  It incapacitates me when it comes to rational thinking, and over the long haul, it frankly shrinks my brain.  It is true that sometimes fear works to motivate.  If that weren’t true, I probably wouldn’t have made that phone call to my doctor when I coughed up blood.  I feared for my life, and a phone call was made.  Fear works in acute situations.  It is the flight aspect in the fight or flight response to the mountain lion on the bike path.  Ok, bad analogy.

The point is that as a long term motivator, fear is a BAD choice.  Chronic fear leads to increased stress hormones which lead to depression and brain shrinkage.  Neither helps with adherence to any kind of program, let alone one where you must insert significant energy, as in an exercise habit.

Control, however…now THAT is powerful.  To me, seeing and feeling my body respond to exercise over the long haul is not so much about control as it is empowerment.  I feel actual empowerment over at least part of my body…and this is not a common feeling for one living with a disease such as cystic fibrosis.  This empowerment leads to confidence in other areas as well, and makes one think twice about negating the effects of all that work by, for instance, missing treatments.

Thinking about going to the gym or going out for a run just like any other “normal” person makes me feel more “normal.”

Now think about a kid…an adolescent with body image issues and control issues who is angry and in denial about living with CF.  How helpful do you think a little dose of empowerment and normalcy might be?  Trying to instill a little fear into him or her would lead one direction…the one you don’t want to go.  Helping them to feel good about how well they respond to an exercise program and encouraging them to exercise because it is what we ALL should do…that works!

Running From Depression

A recent study by Cruz et al, “Anxiety and Depression in Cystic Fibrosis,” (Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2009; 30: 569-578) came across my desk the other day.  Oddly, I was in the middle of creating a talk about exercise and was on the exact slide where I talk about my favorite book on the subject of exercise, Spark, by Dr. John Ratey.

Ratey is a psychiatrist at Harvard and one of his areas of expertise is the neurochemistry of exercise.  I read this book when it first came out and have practically forced most of my clients and several family members to do the same.

The Cruz study points out in grave detail the increased prevalence of both anxiety and depression in people with cystic fibrosis, noting that these have important consequences, including poorer disease outcomes and lower scores on measures of quality of life.  Depression especially wreaks havoc on adherence.   It makes sense, really.  When you are depressed, it is very easy to blow off treatments.  When you don’t care, why bother? When you are consumed with anxiety, a trip to the gym is not the first thing you think about doing.

After these grave facts are discussed, the authors conclude that better screening for depression and anxiety should be done on patients with CF, and treatment given to those with symptoms, including medication or therapy (or both).  I would add one more tool to the bag, one that in fact would also likely work as a preventative measure.  And…it’s free (a big plus these days).

If Ratey is to be believed (and he gives sound reasoning and research to back up his material), the BEST time to head to the gym or lace up your walking shoes is when you are blue and don’t feel like doing anything.   The reason is that exercise acts as an antidepressant.  In fact, exercise is nature’s perfect antidepressant…with no side effects.  The reasons are complex, but I am going to try to simplify:

First and foremost, to call “depression” a disease is like calling a “cough” a disease.  A cough is a symptom that something is wrong.  Perhaps you have asthma.  Maybe you are choking on a marble.  It could be that the air is extremely polluted and all sentient beings are suffocating.  The bottom line is the cough tells you that something is wrong.  The underlying cause is yet to be named.

In the same way, depression is a symptom.  Many things can cause depression: pain, stress, medications, trauma, addiction, AND altered neurochemistry, to name a few.  Just looking at the last one, the brain’s chemistry can be messed up in completely different pathways and yet the final result can look similar.  This is why a medication that blocks the re-uptake of serotonin may work on me, but not you.  Someone else may only respond to a medication that increases Dopamine…or Norepinephrine.  The names are not important.  What is important is to understand that the whole thing is very complex.

And yet, one thing that we all can do at some level, exercise, seems to be able to jolt the brain back into balance.  It seems to regulate the neurotransmitters that antidepressants target….all of them…and at just the right dose.

Almost immediately when starting to exercise vigorously, norepinephrine is elevated.  This is the wake up and get going chemical that also works mysteriously on boosting self-esteem.  Also, dopamine, the brain’s attention system and regulator of feelings of well being, is elevated.  Finally, the well-known chemical serotonin, important for mood, self-esteem and impulse control, bumps up.  And to add frosting to this cake, endorphins are made within the brain upon exercise, and we all know what endorphins do…

So that’s the chemical story.   But there is an architectural one as well.  Exercise causes release of something called BDNF (brain-derived neurotropic factor), which Ratey calls “Miracle-Gro for the brain.”  This, and other neurotropins cause the brain to a) make new cells, and 2) create and foster new connections between brain cells.  As he explains, depression is caused not just by a lack of neurotransmitters, but also by a lack of connections within the brain itself.  BDNF fixes this.  Exercise releases BDNF.

Yes we are at high risk for depression.  And yes, depression is very bad for compliance with a complicated medical regimen.  Sure, we could take another pill or two or three (and some of us may need to) to combat depression.  But one easy thing to try right now is to move.  Every day.

How Important is “Quality of Life” in CF?

A couple of months ago, I asked very distinguished panel of CF care providers whether they thought, 1) that the scientific literature was compelling enough to persuade them that exercise should be a routine part of CF care, and 2) do they promote exercise in their clinics?

I was a bit surprised to hear that most were not convinced by the evidence to date, but happy to hear that all thought that exercise was “a good idea.” Not many had formal exercise programs or promoted it vigorously (other than Dr. Strandvik from Sweden). But they all agreed that it was good to move. Hard to disagree with that.

Now, I understand the caution engendered by this lack of conviction. After all, I was a scientist once. It takes multiple, repeated long-term studies that are designed with a matched control group, huge numbers of patients that are randomized as to who gets the intervention and who are the controls, and double blinded (neither the patient nor the doctor knows who is getting the “intervention,” to convince this crowd. But a study looking at exercise and CF can’t be huge (think about it…how many of us are there?), can’t be “blinded” for obvious reasons, and are extremely hard to create and fund for “long term studies.” The longest so far is a 3-year study from Toronto (oh yeah…that’s the one that showed pretty convincingly that regular aerobic exercise DELAYED decrease in pulmonary function in CF; Schneiderman et al, 2000). Most of the reported studies are 3 to 6 months in duration.. It’s hard to show much after only 3 months, and yet, it’s been done. Just not enough for this crowd.

So, instead of looking for irrefutable evidence that exercise improves lung function in CF, or that it increases mucus clearance, or that it prolongs life (all great questions that deserve more study), let’s ask a basic question that I believe HAS been answered. Does regular exercise improve the quality of life in someone with cystic fibrosis?

The answer is a resounding YES. Several well-designed studies have shown that increasing exercise capacity and tolerance in those with CF improved measures of QOL (quality of life) or QWB (quality of well-being). (Kaplan et al 1989, deJong et al 1997, Klijn et al 2004, Enright et al 2004). These studies include both children and adults.

To me, quality of life is worth improving. Yes, it is great to fund study after study looking for small molecules which correct the basic defect, or to find better antibiotics, or better ways of combating over-exuberant inflammation, or ways to thin mucus and clear it more effectively. But while all of these (and more) are in the pipeline, what about those of us in the trenches? Some of us may not be able to wait. If there are ways to improve our lives, our self-image, our body-image, our self-esteem and self-efficacy RIGHT NOW, shouldn’t these ways be encouraged? Shouldn’t studies about this be funded? Shouldn’t this very simple (I said simple, not easy) and inexpensive intervention be pushed HARD in our clinics?

I think so, and I’d like to hear what you think. Please leave a comment.